《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(9): 1673-1679

不同氮素水平对茅苍术光合特性及生理指标的影响

陆奇杰, 巢建国^*, 谷巍, 张文明

南京中医药大学药学院, 南京210023

通信作者：巢建国；E-mail: jgchaol016@163.com

摘　要：

以江苏道地药材茅苍术为试材, 采用盆栽实验方法, 研究不同氮素水平对茅苍术光合特性及生理指标的影响。结果表明：在6个不同氮浓度处理下, 11 g·m^-2 (N)处理的茅苍术叶绿素含量、净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)和蒸腾速率(T_r)较大, 胞间二氧化碳浓度(C_i)较小, 超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性均保持较低水平, 且丙二醛(MDA)与游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量都较低。而低氮水平(0、3 g·m^-2)和高氮水平(20 g·m^-2)都会不同程度地减弱植株的光合作用, 但3种抗氧化酶活性会升高, 同时MDA与Pro含量也升高。这说明11 g·m^-2是茅苍术生长发育较为合适的氮浓度, 而其余处理浓度会影响植物的光合作用, 使活性氧积累变多, 加速细胞膜脂过氧化作用, 细胞膜结构受到损伤, 从而影响茅苍术植株正常的生长。

关键词：茅苍术; 氮素水平; 光合特性; 生理指标

收稿：2017-02-03   修定：2017-08-13

资助：国家自然科学基金(81573520)、江苏省中药优势学科II期建设(ysxk-2014)、国家基本药物所需中药材种子种苗繁育基地建设项目(2014-茅苍术)、我国水生、耐盐中药资源的合理利用研究行业专项(201407002)、“六大人才高峰”高层次人才项目(2012-YY-009)和江苏省“333高层次人才培养工程”。

Effects of different nitrogen levels on photosynthetic characteristics and physiological indexes of Atractylodes lancea

LU Qi-Jie, CHAO Jian-Guo^*, GU Wei, ZHANG Wen-Ming

College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China

Corresponding author: CHAO Jian-Guo; E-mail: jgchaol016@163.com

Abstract:

Jiangsu authentic medicine Atractylodes lancea was used as material to study the effect of different nitrogen levels on photosynthetic characteristics and physiological indexes by pot experiment. The results showed that, under six treatments with different concentrations of nitrogen, the chlorophyll contents, net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s) and transpiration rate (T_r) were higher with treatment of 11 g·m^-2 N, and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration (C_i) was lower, while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) were maintained at a low level, and MDA and free proline contents were both low. However, low nitrogen level (0, 3 g·m^-2 N) and high nitrogen level (20 g·m^-2 N) all weakened the photosynthesis of the plants to different extents, but the activities of three kinds of antioxidant enzymes increased, while the same to MDA and free proline contents. These indicated that 11 g·m^-2 was the suitable nitrogen concentration for the growth and development of A. lancea, but the other treatments affected the photosynthesis of plants, increased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, accelerated the membrane lipid peroxidation, and damaged the cell membrane structure, thus affecting the normal growth.

Key words: Atractylodes lancea; nitrogen level; photosynthetic characteristics; physiological indexes